
I am going to open with a statement that proves how totally ignorant I was about shoes until this year: I used to struggle to tell the difference between an Oxford and a Derby. When looking at pictures online the similarities were too strong. I needed to see the shoes next to each other in a shop to notice the differences.
This is indicative of the modern interpretation of when Derbys (or, as the Americans call them, Bluchers – more later) should be worn. In the past, they were more of a casual shoe for weekend and evening use. But now it is not uncommon to see Derbys in the workplace. A stroll around the square mile at lunchtime confirms this. Just like my novice perception of the two styles, the appropriate usage for Oxfords and Derbys is blurred. The average man on the street would not immediately distinguish between the two. They are both smart enough for the modern office.
So what is the difference? Unlike Oxfords, Derbys have open lacing. This means that the tongue is made of the same bit of leather that runs over the vamp (the top of your foot) and down to the tip of your toes. The eyelets for the lacing are overlapping bits of leather at the sides of the shoe. These are called the quarters and, on Derbys, they are not stitched to the tongue at the bottom which provides more flexibility.
This design makes it much easier to get in and out of the shoes, as the distance between the quarters can be loosened much more than the split seam on Oxfords. Derbys are often described as more comfortable too as there are fewer seams for your feet to rub against on the inside of the shoe. With the tongue, the vamp and the toe being made of the same piece of leather, the shoe also moulds to the foot quicker.
It is safe to assume that it is the twinning of these two elements that inspired Prussian field marshal Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, Duke of Wahlstadt to rethink his army’s footwear after helping Wellington at Waterloo. (One war, two new styles of shoe – not bad. More in my next post.) After the war, Blücher commissioned open laced boots for all of his soldiers and the early Derby was born. He also asked for the soles to be thicker so that they would last for longer, an aspect that remains in many Derbys to this day.
The modern Derby evolved when the boot was cut below the ankle to create a shoe. Shoemakers in Budapest and Norway created variations on the modern Derby, but the style was truly popularised by the upper classes, especially on continental Europe, in the early years of the 20th century.